Ran the scripts against a real Flutter AOT / multi-dex / 36-.so APK (Dart 3.6.0, com.tingfeng.tool) and recorded what each one actually did. Two of them were wrong in the direction that reads as a target finding, one Coverage claim overstated what ships, and four documentation statements were false. Fixed: dart_pprefs.py decoded only the general-purpose register file, so `ldr dN,[x27,#imm]` (0xFD400000) was never matched and every double constant read from the object pool was dropped -- 302 pool offsets and 1802 sites on this sample, one of them with 150 references that would have been reported as zero. The documented advice is to count references before editing a shared constant, so a one-sided quiet gap here produces exactly the wrong decision. Now covers both register files; a purpose-written arbiter agrees with it to 0/0 across .text, against 0/302 before. Documented but deliberately not fixed, because a fix would not have been run: elf_plt.py misses the last PLT stub slot (`off < fsz - 16`), which on libloader.so turned a real, called import (dl_iterate_phdr) into "not a resolved stub". find_refs.py advertises dex-directory input but iter_files() accepts only .smali, so it answers "no references" with exit 0 for input it never read. so_constpatch.py's rebuild drops the zip `extra` field and destroys 4 KB alignment. Each has its root cause and fix sketch recorded. Documentation corrections in dart-aot.md: blutter's asm/ does contain full instruction listings with pool annotations -- the file said to ignore it, and it is the richest artifact in the chain. The first build costs ~78 s, not "tens of minutes"; MSVC 19.34 suffices, not VS 2022. The file-PP offset mapping is not recoverable from the binary (4241 shared strings, 4237 distinct deltas), so a snapshot-decoding front end is a dependency, now stated. Documented aotopsy as the no-toolchain route, and the trap that its version label is a structural profile name (it says 3.6.2 for a 3.6.0 snapshot). Coverage now separates what was measured from what is inferred, names blutter/aotopsy as a prerequisite instead of implying the pool decodes itself, lists the scripts this pass did not run, and says plainly that the packer / VMP / integrity-check scenarios were not exercised at all. Added hand-off points for JNI, dex-observed hardening, and the existing native boundary documents, plus docs/verification-jiongnew/ -- the evidence record, including the four gate outputs verbatim. No second skill: the gap is one front-end dependency, not a subject area, and relocating Flutter docs would not have supplied it.
29 KiB
Tool verdicts — measured on jiongnew.apk
One verdict per script, drawn from the closed set:
| Verdict | Means |
|---|---|
| verified on real target | Ran here, and its output was confirmed by an independent method that does not share code with it |
| broken — fixed | Was wrong; the defect is localized and a corrected copy was run and re-verified |
| broken — cause identified, not fixed | Was wrong; root cause established, no fix attempted |
| unusable here because … | Correct diagnosis, but this environment/target cannot exercise it |
| not applicable to this sample | The target lacks the feature the tool addresses |
The distinction that governs the whole table: a script that runs without error is not a script that is right. Every "verified" below names the independent cross-check, because "it didn't crash" was not accepted as evidence anywhere in this pass. Equally, a tool failure was never read as "the target does not contain that thing" — each failure was first checked against the question of whether the tool was ever able to answer it.
Summary
| Script | Verdict |
|---|---|
elf_plt.py |
broken — fixed (core stub→symbol mapping verified on real target; two defects, one proven to cause a false negative) |
lib_map.py |
verified on real target |
so_constpatch.py |
verified on real target for equal-length rewriting; broken — cause identified, not fixed for one sealed serious defect (zip alignment) |
dex_strings.py |
verified on real target (multi-dex traversal confirmed) |
dexutil.py |
verified on real target (used as the primary workhorse for the ad-chain analysis) |
find_refs.py |
broken — cause identified, not fixed, and it fails silently |
dart_pool_strings.py |
verified on real target |
dart_pprefs.py |
broken — fixed (defect proven; corrected copy agrees with capstone to zero) |
dart_disasm.py |
verified on real target |
coldstart.py |
verified on real target (the run produced the launch-crash finding) |
native_crash.py |
not applicable to this sample (no artificially constructed crash; see TARGET-FACTS.md) |
so_constpatch.py redirected-checker scenario |
not applicable — no integrity-check library exists in this target |
| All packer / VMP tooling | not applicable — no packer in this target |
| blutter (external) | works — build ≈78 s, transient first-run 0xC0000005 not reproducible after relink |
| aotopsy (external) | works out of the box — full pipeline on the same libapp.so |
Two of these verdicts matter more than the rest: elf_plt.py produced a false negative on a
symbol that exists and is called, and find_refs.py returns a clean "no references" answer for
input it cannot read at all. Both are the failure mode that looks like a finding.
elf_plt.py — broken — fixed
Claim under test: walks PT_LOAD/PT_DYNAMIC directly, without depending on the section
table, maps PLT stubs to imported symbols, and diffs two .so files byte-wise.
Sample: lib/arm64-v8a/libloader.so (6,221,896 B, largest .dynsym in the APK).
Run:
python scripts/elf_plt.py work/native/samples/arm64-v8a_libloader.so
exit 0 790 ms 3440 lines
arch=aarch64 exec seg: vaddr=0x0 file=0x0 size=0x587070
imported relocations=36974 stubs resolved=3437
Independent cross-check — four paths, none sharing code with the script:
- Relocation total.
readelf -d(pyelftools) readsRELASZ=804864,PLTRELSZ=82512,RELAENT=24.804864/24 = 33536(.rela.dyn) +82512/24 = 3438(.rela.plt)= 36974. Matches the script'simported relocations=36974. - Symbol names, item by item. pyelftools parses
.rela.plt+.dynsymindependently (3,438 entries, allR_AARCH64_JUMP_SLOT=1026). Against the script's 3,437 output lines:name mismatches: 0. The script's GOT set is a subset of the.rela.pltGOT set, with an intersection of 0 against.rela.dyn— i.e. it does not mistake local relocations for imports. Zero?names. - lief 1.0.0 independently reports
pltgot_relocations = 3438, equal to the pyelftools set, with zero name disagreements. - capstone 5.0.7 real disassembly of all 3,437 reported stub addresses, 16 bytes each, with the
GOT recomputed from the decoded instructions:
shape_violations: 0(every stub isadrp x16 / ldr x17,[x16,#off] / add x16,x16,#off / br x17) andgot_recompute_mismatch: 0.
Conclusion: the four hand-written bitfield decoders (_decode_adrp, _decode_ldr_unsigned,
_decode_add_imm, _decode_br) are correct, not merely non-crashing.
Defect 1 — loop bound, proven to cause a false negative
.rela.plt has 3,438 entries; the script reports 3,437. The arithmetic:
- first
.pltstub0x579990+ 3438 × 16 = 0x587070, exactly the executable segment end (size=0x587070) - the source reads
while off < fsz - 16, so the largest offset examined is0x58705c; the final slot0x587060..0x58706fis never checked.fsz-16would need to befsz-15; the correct form isoff + 16 <= fsz.
The skipped slot is a legitimate stub, proven by independent disassembly:
0x587060 adrp x16, #0x5c8000
0x587064 ldr x17, [x16, #0x108]
0x587068 add x16, x16, #0x108
0x58706c br x17
recomputed GOT = 0x5c8108 -> .rela.plt entry for that GOT: dl_iterate_phdr
BL/B callers of the skipped stub: 1 ['0x576a2c']
And the script therefore answers wrongly, with a confident negative:
$ elf_plt.py libloader.so --query 0x587060
0x587060 -> not a resolved stub <-- FALSE NEGATIVE
This is the most important single result of the native pass. The script does not error, its output
looks complete, and for its stated purpose — "which stub points at the hardening symbol I want to
neutralise" — it reports that a real, called symbol (dl_iterate_phdr) does not exist in the
library. That is precisely the failure mode the script's own docstring warns about.
Fix, applied to a copy and re-verified — three isomorphic bounds:
_stubs_x86: while i < fsz - 6 -> while i + 6 <= fsz
_stubs_arm64: while off < fsz - 16 -> while off + 16 <= fsz
find_branch_callers: while off < fsz - 4 -> while off + 4 <= fsz
After the fix: stubs resolved=3438, equal to the .rela.plt entry count. The diff against the
original output is exactly two lines — the header count and the single new
0x00587060 -> dl_iterate_phdr (GOT 0x5c8108) — with all other 3,437 lines byte-identical.
--query 0x587060 now resolves correctly.
Defect 2 — --diff --name-regions compares a file offset against a virtual address
cmd_diff's describe(off) receives a file offset and compares it against stub vaddrs
(va <= off < va + size). Those coincide only when p_vaddr == p_offset. Two of the 36 libraries
in this target violate that:
lib/arm64-v8a/libflutter.so exec PT_LOAD vaddr=0x444880 offset=0x434880 (delta 0x10000)
lib/armeabi-v7a/libflutter.so exec PT_LOAD vaddr=0x277500 offset=0x267500 (delta 0x10000)
Demonstrated by mutating a byte inside the abort stub (stub vaddr 0x9f6050, file offset
0x9e6050) and diffing:
$ elf_plt.py libflutter.so --diff flutter.mutated.so --name-regions
differing bytes=1 in 1 run(s)
off=0x9e6053 len=1 A: b0
B: b1
<-- the "<- PLT stub for abort" annotation is missing
Plain --diff and --diff --name-regions produce identical output, i.e. the feature is
completely inert on these two libraries and reports nothing about being inert.
Fix: map the file offset back through PT_LOAD before comparing.
Also: size = 16 if elf_a.machine == EM_AARCH64 else 16 — both branches identical; dead code.
Credit where due: the script's defensive warning fires correctly on a zero-stub target.
libapp.so (Dart AOT, 144-byte .dynsym) reports stubs resolved=0 and prints an explicit
"do not read this as 'the library imports nothing'" message. That is exactly the right instinct —
it is unfortunate that the scanner then violates that principle itself, one slot early.
lib_map.py — verified on real target
Claim under test: reads a live process's mapping table and reports which libraries are actually loaded, at what base, with what real architecture.
Run: --pkg com.tingfeng.tool --serial SSBYPJKFNVEU6PGA, exit 0, 635 ms, pid 27064.
Reported three actually-loaded app libraries — libloader.so (3 segments),
libsentry-android.so (2), libsentry.so (3).
Independent cross-check:
su -c cat /proc/27064/mapsparsed with an independent parser: path set, segment counts and permission strings agree with zero differences.odread of the ELF header givesb7 00= AArch64, matching the script's architecture column.- Scale check against
systemui: 318 libraries, compared item by item — path, segment count and permissions all zero-difference;--jsonbase addresses agree 318/318 with independent computation. - Translation-layer detection fires correctly on the emulator
(
/system/lib64/libhoudini.so→translation suspected: YES).
Improvement, not a defect: ? in the architecture column is two-valued in the docs —
read_elf_arch's docstring says ? = read failed; the CLI's trailing note says ? = not probed.
All 8 libraries printed as ? were independently read and are AArch64, i.e. they exist and simply
were not probed. A genuine read failure is indistinguishable from "not probed".
Anomaly resolved as not-a-bug: one crosscheck showed libsentry.so 3 vs 4 segments. Four
snapshots established this as runtime mapping change (it is 3 segments at the instant of launch),
not a script defect.
The real constraint on this tool here: the target lives ~1.1 s, so lib_map.py must run inside
that window. That is also why the app's own libraries are limited to three — libapp.so and
libflutter.so had not been loaded yet.
so_constpatch.py — verified (core) with one sealed serious defect
Claim under test: equal-length rewriting of string constants inside a .so.
Verified by: length unchanged at 6,221,896 bytes, sha256 changed, and an independent byte-wise
diff showing changes at exactly one site (0x81593, 7 bytes). readelf -d confirms the change
landed at the ELF semantic layer: the NEEDED entry changes from libandroid.so to
libfoo0000.so. Guards behave as designed — unequal-length input exits 1 and writes no file; -o
pointing at the input exits 2; non-isolated operation refuses by default. On a real APK copy: 3.5 s,
all 1,982 entries preserved, order preserved, only the target entry's CRC changed, original APK
sha256 unchanged before and after. All patching was done on copies; no sample was mutated.
Defect — zip alignment destroyed on rebuild (sealed, not fixed)
The rebuild discards the local header extra field, which breaks 4 KB alignment. Measured on a
fixture: data_offset 4096 (mod4096=0, extra_len=4031) becomes 65 (mod4096=65, extra_len=0).
Why this is serious despite not firing here: for an APK with extractNativeLibs=false, .so
entries must be STORED and 4 KB-aligned or the library will not load. This target cannot show the
bug — all 36 native libraries are method=8 (DEFLATED) and extractNativeLibs=true (confirmed in
both the manifest and by the runtime path /data/app/.../lib/arm64/ that lib_map.py observed).
So the defect is masked by this sample and proven by a fixture. That asymmetry is exactly why
"it worked on our target" is not a verification.
Fix sketch: copy extra/external_attr/internal_attr/create_system/comment from the
source ZipInfo and implement padding; and state in the help text that a rebuild must be
re-zipaligned before signing.
Defect — entry metadata reset
external_attr is rewritten on 1982/1982 entries (e.g. 2175008768 (0x81A40000) →
25165824 (0x01800000)), and create_system changes from 3 (Unix) to 0 on 77 entries. Usually
harmless for installation, but it changes extracted permission bits and makes any
zip-metadata-based integrity comparison immediately detect the rebuild.
Defect — the change count is misleading
do_replace prints '%d byte(s) changed' % (len(applied) * len(old)), which is the overwrite
window length, not the number of bytes that actually changed. Two measured examples:
libandroid.so → libfoo0000.so prints 13 but changes 7; libandroid → libandroiX prints 10 but
changes 1. For an attribution/audit tool this invites overstatement.
Minor
Rebuilding changes the APK's own bytes (+2.2 MB on the sample, different deflate level). Worth a note in the output that output size may differ from input.
dex_strings.py — verified on real target
The multi-dex question the handover flagged is answered: yes, directory mode walks all four dex
files. iter_dex() globs *.dex for a directory; empirically
--find 'json' --per-file emits four lines (classes.dex, 2, 3, 4), while single-file mode
emits one.
Two traps worth knowing:
--per-fileprints only files that had a hit. An output containing justclasses3.dexdoes not mean onlyclasses3.dexwas scanned. This is the shape of output most likely to be misread as "only one dex contains this".--per-filescans raw bytes rather than the string table (source lines 124-130), so hits for broad patterns include coincidental matches.
Fast: 0.27 s over the full 27.6 MB.
dexutil.py — verified on real target
The workhorse of the ad-chain analysis: symbol resolution, branch-target back-annotation, and a
ended cleanly verdict per method. Coverage: 175,829 method bodies with code, 213,180 method_ids.
It is the tool whose output the zero-reference conclusion rests on.
Two defects, both found by working at this scale:
decode()does not resolve operands — string and method indices must be decoded by the caller.- Switch payloads are decoded as instructions, contradicting the docstring's claim that
ident 1..3are recognized. This is the root cause ofsaveToLocalbeing reported as "desync likely".
find_refs.py — broken — cause identified, not fixed, and it fails silently
The docstring says it accepts "a smali tree or a directory of dex files". It does not:
iter_files() yields only files ending in .smali. Given a dex directory it returns 0 files, no
error, exit code 0.
This is the worst shape a defect can take in this particular tool, because find_refs.py is the
script recommended for judging blast radius before patching. Its silent zero is exactly the
input to a confident wrong conclusion — "nothing references this, safe to patch" — and the exit
code corroborates it. Because no baksmali/jadx is installed on this machine, it was completely
unusable for this target, and the analysis had to be built on dexutil.py instead.
Correction to a related assumption in this environment: readelf on PATH resolves to
pyelftools' readelf.py and is not binutils — --dyn-syms and -W are rejected as unrecognized
arguments (exit 2). Likewise MinGW objdump/nm (binutils 2.28) reject every aarch64 ELF with
File format not recognized. Aarch64 cross-checks in this pass therefore used the pyelftools,
lief and capstone library APIs, not those CLIs. There is no xxd; hex work was done in Python.
Dart / Flutter scripts
Verified facts, each independently cross-checked rather than accepted on exit code:
dart_pool_strings.py — verified on real target. 18,363 rows recovered. Byte-exact re-check of
tag + payload: 18,356 exact, 7 mismatched, and all 7 mismatches are a single known escape
ambiguity (\n/\r/\t written as the two characters backslash+n, indistinguishable in a TSV from
a literal backslash followed by n — 19 recovered entries genuinely contain LF/CR/TAB). 12 rows
sampled at random were independently re-located from the raw bytes; all 12 reproduced, with tag
at tag_off and payload at tag_off + 1 exactly. Chain violations among run≥2 rows: 0.
dart_pprefs.py — broken — fixed. The first run produced a real defect: 302 displacements and
1,802 reference sites missing. Correcting the mask makes it agree with capstone exactly:
repo (before) repo (fixed) capstone
displacements 31,843 32,145 32,145
reference sites 97,571 99,373 99,373
only-in-capstone 302 0 —
only-in-repo 0 0 —
Root cause — corrected after deeper analysis, and worth recording because the first hypothesis
was wrong. The obvious guess was an x27 addressing mask. That is not it: LDUR with Rn=x27
occurs zero times in this snapshot. The actual cause is that the scanner decodes only the
general-purpose register file — ldr dD, [x27, #imm] (encoding 0xFD400000) was never matched
at all, so an entire class of double constants loaded from the object pool was silently
dropped. Measured recall 98.19%, precision 100%; after the fix, capstone and the script agree
across the whole .text with 0/0.
Why this is the expensive kind of bug: it breaks precisely the judgement the documentation tells
you to rely on in dart-aot.md §9/§10 — count the references to decide whether a pool entry
matters. At one measured site the count goes from [0 refs] to [79 refs]. A reader following
that advice would conclude a live, heavily-referenced object was dead. It affects all Dart 3.x
arm64 snapshots, and the failure is one-sided and silent.
dart_disasm.py — verified on real target. Decoded output compared against capstone on the same
ranges: 32/32 and 96/96 instructions identical, VERDICT: identical decode. The independently
re-derived caller index also agrees exactly: callers.json targets=59904 sites=219181, independent
re-derivation targets=59904 sites=219181, symmetric difference of call sites: 0. All B/BL
words in range confirmed by capstone: 27,615/27,615.
dart_disasm.py — verified on real target. Decoded output compared against capstone on the same
ranges: 32/32 and 96/96 instructions identical, VERDICT: identical decode. The independently
re-derived caller index also agrees exactly: callers.json targets=59904 sites=219181, independent
re-derivation targets=59904 sites=219181, symmetric difference of call sites: 0.
dart_pool_strings.py two-byte mode — unusable here because detection is unreliable. With
--two-byte: 936,136 candidates, 57,049 kept (34,216 UTF-16LE). The script's own warning says the
detection is unreliable, and the independent measurement confirms it: 168,700 independent UTF-16LE
CJK runs, and of 9,840 two-byte CJK candidates only 2,081 form chained runs ≥2 — the rest are
coincidental. Sample output is noise (誋讋讋讋讋). The one-byte default is the right default.
coldstart.py — verified on real target
Used exactly as documented — --serial, --pkg, --activity, --duration, --interval,
--expect-activity. It behaved as advertised and produced the finding that governs this whole
report: the app reaches a splash window and then aborts. The script's existence is why the launch
failure was caught as a measurement (timestamped foreground-activity and logcat timeline) rather
than as a vague impression, and its --expect-activity design directly addresses the failure it
names in its own docstring — a vendor installer window being captured and read as the app.
External toolchains
Both Dart AOT analyzers were tested, and they behave differently enough that the difference is itself a finding.
blutter — works; the first-run crash is not reproducible
blutter compiles and embeds a matching Dart VM, so it needs one build per Dart version. Building
from source is mandatory — the repository's bin/ is gitignored and it publishes no releases,
so there is no prebuilt Dart 3.6.0 executable to fetch. (Naming, for anyone searching:
bin/blutter_dartvm3.6.0_android_arm64.exe, not _windows_x64.)
Measured cost, which corrects the documentation:
| Step | Time |
|---|---|
git clone --depth 1 worawit/blutter (HEAD 4a60ac6) |
seconds |
python scripts\init_env_win.py (ICU 73.2 + capstone 4.0.2) |
7,049 ms |
sparse clone dart-lang/sdk tag 3.6.0 |
seconds |
cmake + ninja, 22 targets (unity build via dartvm_create_srclist.py) |
— |
link + install bin/blutter_dartvm3.6.0_android_arm64.exe |
— |
| whole pipeline, wall clock | ≈ 78 s |
dart-aot.md §2 budgets "tens of minutes for the first build". Reality here is ≈78 s,
roughly 30× pessimistic. The toolchain requirement is also overstated: the README asks for a
very recent C++ compiler with C++20 <format> and the doc repeats "VS 2022 required", but
MSVC 19.34 (VS 17.4.3, Nov 2022) is sufficient — verified by compiling and running a
std::format probe with it.
The crash, and a correction to the first reading. Run 1 (blutter.py under vcvars64) built the
VM and linked the exe, then died with exit 3221225477 = 0xC0000005 ACCESS_VIOLATION and no
output at all. Runs 2-4 (invoking the installed exe directly, on libapp.so, libflutter.so and a
nonexistent path) reproduced it in ~89 ms each — always after argument parsing succeeded (a bad ABI
still prints ELF: Support only 64 bits and exits 0) and before the first stdout line, pointing at
DartApp app{ libappPath.c_str() } (blutter/src/main.cpp:29).
Adding two std::cerr traces and relaunching ninja (2 targets: recompile main.cpp, relink)
produced an executable that ran to completion, exit 0 (libapp is loaded at 0x1dfe6d60000 / Dart heap at 0x1e000000000) — and then the originally installed binary also ran clean: 3/3 runs,
exit 0, 5,899 / 5,862 / 5,928 ms, each producing pp.txt (2,639,894 B), objs.txt (648,382 B),
asm/, and blutter_frida.js.
So the verdict is not "unusable here". The root cause of the transient fault is not identified
and it did not reproduce after the relink, including for the unchanged binary; the best-supported
reading is a first-run/environment artifact rather than a property of this snapshot or of Dart 3.6.0.
Cleared suspects: std::format works on MSVC 19.34; capstone 4.0.2 and ICU 73.2 DLLs sit beside the
exe; --no-analysis is unnecessary because the full path works. The practical rule this yields:
budget one retry, and if it still faults, relink before concluding anything about the sample —
here a tool crash did not mean the target lacked anything.
aotopsy — works out of the box
aotopsy_v1.6.0_windows_amd64.zip, 2,994,902 B, sha256
5a90bcf27f4aaa281ae393bf3038b6e1e2325386fe61c1a18ed089390983fdc1 (matches the release manifest).
Unpack and run — no compiler, no Dart SDK, no toolchain, because it parses the snapshot format
directly in Go.
| result | |
|---|---|
doctor |
Support OK; compressed 4-byte pointers; hash f956f595844a2f845a55707faaaa51e4; the same 9 feature flags blutter derived |
| full pipeline | exit 0 — 30,586 functions, 6,133 class layouts, 39,202 pool entries (38,274 resolved), 175,120 call edges (18,718 BLR, 95.7% annotated), 20,927 string refs, 556 signal findings |
| artifacts | functions.jsonl, classes.jsonl, call_edges.jsonl, string_refs.jsonl, dispatch_table.jsonl, evidence.jsonl, asm/ (16,046 files), a --decompile pseudocode mode, _debug strings --xref |
The Dart version discrepancy, resolved. aotopsy doctor says 3.6.2; blutter derives 3.6.0
from the engine banner; the banner reads 3.6.0 (stable) (Thu Dec 5 07:46:24 2024 -0800); and there
is no 3.6.2 byte sequence anywhere in libflutter.so or libapp.so.
Judgement: 3.6.0 is the correct SDK version (observed) — three independent facts agree (byte
search, blutter's parser, and the fact that the Dart 3.6.0 runtime blutter built accepts the snapshot
hash). aotopsy's 3.6.2 is its own structural profile label (inferred): its README states version
detection is structure-based because the snapshot carries a git-derived hash rather than a version
number, so the label names the newest profile matching that hash. Impact on support is nil, but
aotopsy doctor's number must not be fed to a VM-compiling tool as an SDK tag. The banner route
taught in dart-aot.md §1 is correct and is the best-validated instruction in that document.
End-to-end: can the kit locate one specific piece of business logic?
Yes — with an external snapshot dumper in front of it. This is the question the whole pass was built to answer, so the worked example is recorded in full.
| # | Tool | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | blutter pp.txt |
[pp+0x23548] String: "showRewardAdProvider" |
| 2 | dart_pprefs.py --lookup pp_refs_fixed.json 0x23548 |
1 ref site: 0x7a9464 |
| 3 | dart_disasm.py libapp.so --pp bout5/pp.txt --refs pp_refs_fixed.json 0x7a9464 |
annotated window (below) |
| 4 | dart_disasm.py --index callers.json 0x7a93ec |
9 callers |
| 5 | independent confirmation | aotopsy _debug strings --find rewardAd --xref → used in: ShowRewardAdFamily.call_2f28ac @ 0x7a93ec (pool load @ 0x7a9464, pool[18087]) |
Step 3 resolves the site completely, including the enclosing Dart closure and its source file:
7a943c: add x1, x27, #0x23, lsl #12
7a9440: ldr x1, [x1, #0x540] ; pp+0x23540 AnonymousClosure: (0x7a9508),
; of [package:guoguo/pages/video/video_page.dart] ShowRewardAdProvider
7a9454: add x1, x27, #0x23, lsl #12
7a9458: ldr x1, [x1, #0x430] ; pp+0x23430 Obj!ShowRewardAdFamily@b487a1 : { [8 refs]
Two analyzers built by unrelated projects agree on the function name, the address and the pool index — which is what makes this a verification rather than a coincidence.
But the kit cannot take step 1 by itself. Reaching a pool offset from a string requires resolving the snapshot's internal container, and the kit has no such resolver: 4,241 strings share a name across 4,237 distinct deltas with no constant bridge between the string table and the object pool. blutter (or aotopsy) supplies that front end. Everything downstream of it — the cross-reference count, the disassembly window, the caller index — the kit does do, and correctly.
Documentation defect that matters more than the crash
dart-aot.md §2 says of blutter's asm/: "per-class declarations — instructions — there are none
here. Do not plan around it." That is wrong for this blutter HEAD on Dart 3.6.0.
bout5/asm/windmill_ad_plugin/src/ads/reward/reward.dart is 1,327 lines / 71,099 B and contains class
layouts, function signatures and a full instruction listing with pool annotations and resolved call
targets:
// 0x923b3c: r0 = LinkedHashMap.from()
// 0x923b3c: bl #0x60165c ; [dart:collection] LinkedHashMap::LinkedHashMap.from
asm/ is the single richest artifact in the chain, and the document tells the reader to ignore it.
(Secondary nit: asm/ is one file per library URI, mirroring the package path, not per class.)
Not applicable to this sample — stated, not stretched
native_crash.py's "artificially constructed crash" verdict. The tool exists to decide whether a crash was manufactured as an anti-tamper response. This target's crash is a genuine internal mutex-lifecycle fault that occurs on the unmodified APK, before any modification, on two devices. There is no decoy to detect and no tamper event to attribute, so the judgement the tool makes was never exercised. Not applicable — no artificial crash exists here.so_constpatch.py's "redirect the checker library" use case. Requires an integrity-check library to subvert. This target has none — no packer, no integrity checker, no.sothat validates the APK. The redirection capability is real (see the verifiedNEEDEDrewrite) but its purpose-built scenario does not exist here.packers.md/code-virtualization-and-custom-linkers.mdin full. No packer: zero hits for every known hardening-library name, and the parsed manifest shows an ordinary application class rather than a shell stub. Unverified in this pass — nothing here should be read as evidence either way about how those documents perform.native-tamper-and-suicide.md's judgement chain. It reads native anomalies observed from the APK side (immediate SIGSEGV after a repack, the Java layer saying the check passed while the process dies). This pass never produced a repack to observe, because the unmodified app does not start, so there is no working baseline to regress from. The document's scenarios remain unexercised.