293 lines
9.2 KiB
Bash
293 lines
9.2 KiB
Bash
#!/bin/bash
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# Debian/Ubuntu 内核切换脚本
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# 功能：从 Cloud 内核切换到标准内核
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# 适用：Debian 11+/Ubuntu 18.04+
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RED='\033[0;31m'
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GREEN='\033[0;32m'
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YELLOW='\033[0;33m'
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BLUE='\033[0;34m'
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NC='\033[0m'
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check_root() {
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if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
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echo -e "${RED}错误：必须使用 root 权限运行此脚本${NC}"
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exit 1
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fi
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}
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# 检测地理位置
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detect_region() {
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echo -e "${BLUE}检测网络位置...${NC}"
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local TRACE_URLS=(
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"https://www.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/trace"
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"https://www.visa.cn/cdn-cgi/trace"
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)
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local trace_info=""
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for url in "${TRACE_URLS[@]}"; do
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trace_info=$(curl -sSL --max-time 8 "$url" 2>/dev/null) && break
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done
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if echo "$trace_info" | grep -q '^loc=CN'; then
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echo -e "${GREEN}CN 网络环境${NC}"
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return 0
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else
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echo -e "${GREEN}非 CN 网络环境${NC}"
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return 1
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fi
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}
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# 切换软件源
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change_mirrors() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[0/5] 配置软件源${NC}"
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if detect_region; then
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echo -e "使用阿里云镜像..."
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bash <(curl -sSL https://gitee.com/SuperManito/LinuxMirrors/raw/main/ChangeMirrors.sh) \
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--source mirrors.aliyun.com \
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--protocol http \
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--use-intranet-source false \
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--install-epel true \
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--backup true \
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--upgrade-software false \
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--clean-cache false \
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--ignore-backup-tips \
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--pure-mode
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else
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echo -e "使用官方源..."
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bash <(curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SuperManito/LinuxMirrors/main/ChangeMirrors.sh) \
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--use-official-source true \
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--protocol http \
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--use-intranet-source false \
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--install-epel true \
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--backup true \
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--upgrade-software false \
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--clean-cache false \
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--ignore-backup-tips \
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--pure-mode
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fi
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo -e "${YELLOW}警告：软件源切换失败，继续使用当前源${NC}"
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else
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apt update -qq
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fi
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}
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# 二次确认
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confirm_operation() {
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echo -e "\n${RED}⚠️ 高危操作警告 ⚠️${NC}"
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echo -e "${RED}此脚本将修改系统内核，可能导致：${NC}"
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echo -e "${RED} • 系统无法启动（如果新内核不兼容）${NC}"
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echo -e "${RED} • 网络驱动丢失（在特定云平台上）${NC}"
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echo -e "${RED} • 需要控制台访问权限才能恢复${NC}"
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echo -e "${RED} • 请务必备份重要数据再执行${NC}"
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echo -e "\n${YELLOW}当前内核：${NC}$(uname -r)"
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echo -e "${YELLOW}虚拟化：${NC}$(systemd-detect-virt 2>/dev/null || echo '未知')"
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local cloud_pkgs=$(dpkg -l 2>/dev/null | awk '/linux-(image|headers)-[0-9].*cloud/ {print $2}')
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if [ -n "$cloud_pkgs" ]; then
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echo -e "\n${YELLOW}将要卸载的 Cloud 内核：${NC}"
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echo "$cloud_pkgs" | sed 's/^/ /'
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fi
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echo ""
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read -p "$(echo -e ${YELLOW}"确认继续？[y/N]: "${NC})" confirm
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if [[ ! "$confirm" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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echo -e "${GREEN}操作已取消${NC}"
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exit 0
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fi
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echo -e "${GREEN}开始执行...${NC}\n"
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}
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# 检查当前内核
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check_cloud_kernel() {
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if ! uname -r | grep -q 'cloud'; then
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echo -e "${GREEN}提示：系统已在标准内核运行 ($(uname -r))${NC}"
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local cloud_pkgs=$(dpkg -l 2>/dev/null | awk '/linux-(image|headers)-[0-9].*cloud/ {print $2}')
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if [ -n "$cloud_pkgs" ]; then
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echo -e "${YELLOW}但系统中仍有 Cloud 内核包：${NC}"
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echo "$cloud_pkgs" | sed 's/^/ /'
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echo ""
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read -p "$(echo -e ${YELLOW}"是否清理这些包？[y/N]: "${NC})" clean_confirm
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if [[ "$clean_confirm" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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apt purge -y $cloud_pkgs
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apt autoremove -y --purge
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update-grub
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echo -e "${GREEN}清理完成${NC}"
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fi
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fi
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exit 0
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fi
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}
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# 安装标准内核
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install_standard_kernel() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[1/5] 安装标准内核${NC}"
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local image_pkg="linux-image-amd64"
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local headers_pkg="linux-headers-amd64"
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if grep -q 'ID=ubuntu' /etc/os-release; then
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image_pkg="linux-image-generic"
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headers_pkg="linux-headers-generic"
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fi
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echo -e "正在安装 $image_pkg $headers_pkg ..."
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DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y --reinstall \
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"$image_pkg" "$headers_pkg" 2>&1 | grep -E "正在|Setting up|unpacking|Processing|配置|解包"
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if [ ${PIPESTATUS[0]} -ne 0 ]; then
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echo -e "${RED}错误：标准内核安装失败！${NC}"
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exit 1
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fi
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local std_kernel=$(ls /boot/vmlinuz-* 2>/dev/null | grep -v cloud | sort -V | tail -1 | sed 's|/boot/vmlinuz-||')
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if [ -n "$std_kernel" ]; then
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echo -e "更新 initramfs: $std_kernel"
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update-initramfs -u -k "$std_kernel" 2>&1 | grep -v "^I:"
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fi
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echo -e "${GREEN}✓ 标准内核安装完成: $std_kernel${NC}"
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}
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# 卸载所有 Cloud 内核
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remove_cloud_kernels() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[2/5] 卸载所有 Cloud 内核${NC}"
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# 找出所有 Cloud 内核包（包括 image 和 headers）
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local cloud_pkgs=$(dpkg -l 2>/dev/null | awk '/linux-(image|headers|modules)-[0-9].*cloud/ {print $2}')
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if [ -z "$cloud_pkgs" ]; then
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echo -e "${YELLOW}未找到 Cloud 内核包${NC}"
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return 0
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fi
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echo -e "正在卸载以下包："
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echo "$cloud_pkgs" | sed 's/^/ /'
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apt-mark unhold $cloud_pkgs > /dev/null 2>&1
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DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt purge -y $cloud_pkgs 2>&1 | grep -E "正在|Removing|移除|卸载"
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if [ ${PIPESTATUS[0]} -ne 0 ]; then
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echo -e "${YELLOW}警告：部分包卸载失败，继续执行...${NC}"
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fi
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apt autoremove -y --purge > /dev/null 2>&1
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local remaining=$(dpkg -l 2>/dev/null | awk '/linux-(image|headers|modules)-[0-9].*cloud/ {print $2}')
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if [ -n "$remaining" ]; then
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echo -e "${YELLOW}警告：以下包未能完全卸载：${NC}"
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echo "$remaining" | sed 's/^/ /'
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else
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echo -e "${GREEN}✓ 所有 Cloud 内核已卸载${NC}"
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fi
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}
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# 配置 GRUB
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configure_grub() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[3/5] 配置 GRUB${NC}"
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mkdir -p /root/grub_backup
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cp /etc/default/grub /root/grub_backup/grub.default.$(date +%s) 2>/dev/null
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cat > /etc/default/grub <<'EOF'
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GRUB_DEFAULT=0
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GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
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GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
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GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
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GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
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GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true
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EOF
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echo -e "${GREEN}✓ GRUB 配置完成（GRUB_DEFAULT=0）${NC}"
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}
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# 更新 GRUB
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update_grub_config() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[4/5] 更新 GRUB${NC}"
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cp -a /boot/grub /root/grub_backup/grub.bak.$(date +%s) 2>/dev/null
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echo -e "重新生成 GRUB 配置..."
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update-grub 2>&1 | grep -E "Found|Generating|生成|找到"
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grub-set-default 0
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if [ -d /sys/firmware/efi ]; then
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echo -e "更新 UEFI 引导..."
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grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=debian --recheck > /dev/null 2>&1
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fi
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echo -e "${GREEN}✓ GRUB 更新完成，默认启动第一个内核${NC}"
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}
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# 验证配置
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verify_configuration() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[5/5] 验证配置${NC}"
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echo -e "${BLUE}当前内核：${NC}$(uname -r)"
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echo -e "${BLUE}系统中的内核：${NC}"
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local all_kernels=$(dpkg -l 2>/dev/null | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]' | awk '{print $2}')
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if [ -n "$all_kernels" ]; then
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echo "$all_kernels" | sed 's/^/ /'
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else
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echo " 未找到内核包"
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fi
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echo -e "${BLUE}GRUB 启动顺序（前3项）：${NC}"
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awk -F "'" '/menuentry / && $0 !~ /submenu/ {
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count++
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if (count <= 3) {
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print " " count-1 ": " $2
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}
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}' /boot/grub/grub.cfg 2>/dev/null
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echo -e "${BLUE}GRUB 默认设置：${NC} $(grep "^GRUB_DEFAULT=" /etc/default/grub)"
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echo -e "${GREEN}✓ 验证完成${NC}"
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}
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main() {
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echo -e "\n${GREEN}Debian/Ubuntu 内核切换脚本${NC}\n"
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check_root
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check_cloud_kernel
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confirm_operation
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change_mirrors
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install_standard_kernel
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remove_cloud_kernels
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configure_grub
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update_grub_config
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verify_configuration
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echo -e "\n${GREEN}━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━${NC}"
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echo -e "${GREEN}操作完成！${NC}"
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echo -e "${GREEN}━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━${NC}"
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echo -e "\n${YELLOW}重要提示：${NC}"
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echo -e " • 所有 Cloud 内核已卸载"
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echo -e " • 备份位置：${BLUE}/root/grub_backup/${NC}\n"
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echo -e "${YELLOW}下一步：${NC}"
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echo -e " 1. 执行 ${BLUE}reboot${NC} 重启系统"
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echo -e " 2. 重启后运行 ${BLUE}uname -r${NC} 确认内核"
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read -p "$(echo -e ${YELLOW}"立即重启？[y/N]: "${NC})" reboot_now
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if [[ "$reboot_now" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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echo -e "${GREEN}正在重启...${NC}"
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sleep 2
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reboot
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fi
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}
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main "$@"
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